T-cell receptor recognizing Hevea brasiliensis latex peptides

T-cell receptors (TCRs) recognizing Hevea brasiliensis latex peptides presented on HLA class II molecules are the primary mediators of the adaptive immune response in natural rubber latex (NRL) allergy (Sutherland et al., 2000). These receptors, typically found on CD4+ T helper cells, specifically recognize processed peptide fragments from major latex allergens such as Hev b 1, Hev b 3, Hev b 5, and Hev b 6.02 when they are displayed by Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class II molecules, particularly HLA-DR and HLA-DQ (Rihs et al., 2002). Upon recognition, these TCRs trigger a signaling cascade that leads to the activation and expansion of Th2-polarized T cells, which secrete pro-inflammatory cytokines like IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 (Sutherland et al., 2000). This cytokine environment promotes B-cell class switching to IgE, leading to sensitization and subsequent Type I hypersensitivity reactions, ranging from contact urticaria to life-threatening anaphylaxis (ThermoFisher, 2024). In the context of therapeutic development, these TCRs and their corresponding peptide-HLA complexes are targets for allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) and peptide-based vaccines aimed at inducing immune tolerance (Escobar et al., 2014). By modulating the activity of these TCR-bearing cells—such as through the induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) or T-cell anergy—clinicians aim to reduce the allergic response to natural rubber latex (Escobar et al., 2014).

Other names

Latex-specific T-cell receptorHev b-specific T-cell receptorNatural rubber latex-reactive T-cell receptorCD4+ T-cell receptor for latex allergens

Induction of immune tolerance through T-cell anergy, immune deviation from Th2 to Th1/Treg profiles, and the expansion of allergen-specific regulatory T cells.