T-cell receptor recognizing influenza-derived peptides presented on HLA class II (TCR-Flu-HLA-II)

The T-cell receptor (TCR) recognizing influenza-derived peptides presented on HLA class II molecules is a critical component of the adaptive immune system's response to influenza virus infection. These TCRs are primarily expressed on CD4+ T helper cells and recognize specific viral epitopes, such as those derived from the hemagglutinin (HA) or matrix (M1) proteins, when they are displayed by Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) class II molecules (e.g., HLA-DR, HLA-DQ) on the surface of professional antigen-presenting cells [PubMed: 10948175]. Upon binding to the peptide-MHC complex, the TCR initiates a signaling cascade that leads to T-cell proliferation and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines like interferon-gamma and interleukin-2 [NCBI: NBK27146]. This process is essential for providing help to B cells for antibody production and for the recruitment of other immune effectors to the site of infection. In a therapeutic context, these TCRs are being explored for the development of TCR-engineered T-cell (TCR-T) therapies and are the primary targets of universal influenza vaccines designed to elicit broad, cross-reactive cellular immunity [Nature Communications, 2018]. Safety considerations for targeting these TCRs include potential cross-reactivity with self-peptides, which could lead to autoimmunity, and the risk of cytokine release syndrome during adoptive cell transfer [Frontiers in Immunology, 2020].

Other names

Influenza-specific T-cell receptorHLA class II-restricted influenza TCRCD4+ T-cell receptor for influenza peptidesHA-specific TCR

Recognition of influenza-derived peptides (e.g., from hemagglutinin or matrix protein) presented by HLA class II molecules on antigen-presenting cells, triggering CD4+ T-cell activation, cytokine secretion (e.g., IFN-gamma), and coordination of the adaptive immune response.