T-cell receptor recognizing Respiratory Syncytial Virus fusion protein-derived peptides in MHC (TCR-RSV-F-MHC)

T-cell receptors (TCRs) recognizing Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) fusion (F) protein-derived peptides in the context of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) are critical components of the adaptive immune response against RSV infection. These TCRs, primarily found on CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, specifically bind to viral epitopes such as the highly conserved F522–530 peptide presented by HLA-A*02:01. This interaction is a primary determinant of the cellular immune system's ability to identify and eliminate RSV-infected airway epithelial cells. In the context of therapeutic development, these TCRs are being explored as templates for TCR-engineered T-cell (TCR-T) therapies and as targets for peptide-based vaccines designed to elicit robust cellular immunity in vulnerable populations like infants and the elderly. Understanding the structural basis of this TCR-pMHC interaction is essential for predicting cross-reactivity and ensuring the safety of immunotherapies. While neutralizing antibodies have traditionally been the focus of RSV prevention, TCR-mediated responses are increasingly recognized for their role in reducing viral load and preventing severe lower respiratory tract disease.

Other names

RSV F-specific T-cell receptorRespiratory Syncytial Virus fusion protein-specific TCRHLA-restricted RSV F TCRRSV F-peptide-MHC complex receptor

Recognition of specific RSV F-derived peptides presented by MHC molecules on the surface of infected cells, triggering T-cell activation, cytokine release, and direct lysis of the virus-infected cells.