T-cell receptor specific for SARS-CoV-2 spike protein peptides (TCR)

T-cell receptors (TCRs) specific for SARS-CoV-2 spike-derived peptides are specialized immune receptors that play a pivotal role in the cellular immune response against COVID-19. These receptors, found on the surface of T lymphocytes, recognize viral peptide fragments (epitopes) derived from the spike protein when they are presented by Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) molecules (Shomuradova et al., 2020, Immunity). This recognition event is the primary trigger for T-cell activation, leading to the destruction of virus-infected cells and the coordination of the broader immune response through cytokine secretion (Nelde et al., 2021, Nature Immunology). In clinical medicine, these TCRs are central to the efficacy of COVID-19 vaccines, which aim to generate a robust and diverse population of spike-specific T-cells (Saini et al., 2021, Science Immunology). Furthermore, researchers are exploring the use of TCR-engineered T-cells as a form of adoptive immunotherapy for immunocompromised patients or those with severe disease. Monitoring the diversity and persistence of these TCRs serves as a critical biomarker for assessing long-term immunity and the potential for cross-protection against emerging viral variants.

Other names

SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific T-cell receptorSpike-reactive TCRAnti-spike TCRSARS-CoV-2 S-specific TCRHost T-cell receptors specific for spike-derived peptides

Recognition of SARS-CoV-2 spike peptides presented by MHC molecules, triggering T-cell activation, proliferation, and cytotoxic activity against infected cells (Grifoni et al., 2020, Cell).