T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 (Murine) (CD86)

Murine CD86, commonly referred to as B7-2, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily that is constitutively expressed at low levels on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) and rapidly upregulated following activation (UniProt P42082). It serves as a vital co-stimulatory ligand that interacts with CD28 and CTLA-4 receptors on T-lymphocytes to regulate the magnitude of the immune response (NCBI Gene: 12524). The binding of CD86 to CD28 provides the necessary secondary signal for T-cell proliferation, differentiation, and cytokine production, whereas its interaction with CTLA-4 provides an inhibitory signal that maintains peripheral tolerance (PubMed: 7504022). In murine models of disease, CD86 is frequently targeted to study and treat conditions such as autoimmune encephalomyelitis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and transplant rejection (PubMed: 10508254). Therapeutic agents like Abatacept and Belatacept utilize a CTLA-4-Ig fusion protein structure to bind CD86, effectively blocking the CD28-mediated activation of T cells (PubMed: 16407511). Consequently, CD86 remains a cornerstone for understanding immune checkpoint regulation and developing immunomodulatory therapies.

Other names

B7-2B7.2B70Ly-58Cd28lg2Activation B7-2 antigenT-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86

Competitive inhibition of the CD28 co-stimulatory signal by binding to CD86, or modulation of the immune response via CTLA-4 signaling pathways.