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Target of Myb1-like protein 1 (TOM1L1) is an adapter protein with VHS and GAT domains, which functions in membrane trafficking and signal transduction. TOM1L1 interacts with SH2 and SH3 domain-containing proteins and is implicated in clathrin-mediated trafficking as well as tyrosine kinase signaling regulation. It negatively regulates mitotic activity and protein phosphorylation, localizing to cytosol and endosome. TOM1L1 is frequently co-amplified with ERBB2 (Her2) in breast cancer, enhancing tumor cell invasiveness through a mechanism independent of its historical SRC association, instead facilitating trafficking of the metalloprotease MT1-MMP to invadopodia for extracellular matrix degradation. TOM1L1 amplification is linked to poor prognosis in HER2-positive breast cancer patients and is emerging as a molecular marker for aggressive cancers and possible therapeutic interventions.
Inhibition of ERBB2-driven cell invasion by blocking ERBB2 signaling or reducing the delivery of MT1-MMP to invadopodia (as demonstrated by Lapatinib)
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