Tax1-binding protein 3 (TAX1BP3)

Tax1-binding protein 3 (TAX1BP3) is a small, highly conserved human protein consisting mainly of a single PDZ domain. Originally discovered for its interaction with the Tax oncoprotein of human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-1), it differs from other PDZ proteins by lacking multiple domains, suggesting it may act to inhibit or disrupt protein–protein interactions, notably in cytosolic signaling. TAX1BP3 regulates cell signaling, adhesion, migration, stress response, and polarization via interactions with various proteins (such as Rho A, glutaminase L, beta-catenin, and ion channels). Mechanistically, it inhibits the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway, modulates cell surface protein localization, and participates in the regulation of Cdc42 and Rho pathways. TAX1BP3 is broadly expressed, including in nervous, bone, and cancerous tissues, and its overexpression is associated with altered cell behavior in cancer, developmental diseases, and bone differentiation.

Other names

TIP1TIP-1Glutaminase-interacting protein 3Tax-interacting protein 1Tax1 (human T-cell leukemia virus type I) binding protein 3