Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) (TET1)

Ten-eleven translocation 1 (TET1) is a dioxygenase enzyme encoded by the TET1 gene that catalyzes the sequential oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC) in an Fe(II)/α-ketoglutarate-dependent manner, facilitating active DNA demethylation and chromatin regulation.[1][2][5][9] It contains a CXXC domain for binding unmethylated CpG sites and a catalytic domain with cysteine-rich and double-stranded β-helix regions.[1] TET1 recruits histone-modifying complexes to influence gene activation/repression and plays roles in embryonic stem cell maintenance, macrophage differentiation, proinflammatory responses, and processes like liver regeneration and iron homeostasis.[1][2][3] Expressed highly in embryonic stem cells and primordial germ cells, it was first identified as an MLL fusion partner in acute myeloid leukemia.[1][5] Isoforms differ in chromatin affinity and replication site localization.[2]

Other names

Tet methylcytosine dioxygenase 1TET methylcytosine dioxygenase 1