Thiamine-Dependent Enzyme

Thiamine-dependent enzymes are a class of enzymes that require thiamine (vitamin B1), specifically its active coenzyme form thiamine diphosphate (TDP, also known as thiamine pyrophosphate or TPP), to catalyze key metabolic reactions. These enzymes play essential roles in energy production, amino acid metabolism, and biosynthetic pathways across all domains of life. Key enzymes include pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDH), α-Ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex (KGDHC), transketolase (TKT), and branched-chain α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex (BCKDH). Deficiency leads to impaired energy metabolism, neurological symptoms, lactic acidosis, and diseases such as beriberi or Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome in humans.

Inhibition of enzyme activity through thiamine depletion or competitive inhibition.