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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Thioredoxin domain containing protein 5 (TXNDC5)
- Target
- TXNDC5
- Molecular classification
- Protein disulfide isomerase family, Enzyme, Thioredoxin superfamily
01
Overview
Thioredoxin domain containing protein 5 (TXNDC5) is a member of the protein disulfide isomerase family, mainly localized to the endoplasmic reticulum in human cells. It catalyzes the formation and rearrangement of disulfide bonds during protein folding, and protects cells under hypoxic and stress conditions. TXNDC5 is upregulated in cancer, inflammation, and multiple fibrotic diseases, where it aids cell survival and tissue remodeling. Genetic variation in TXNDC5 is linked to increased risk of several diseases, including multiple cancers and autoimmune disorders. TXNDC5 is considered a potential therapeutic target and biomarker for these conditions; however, direct drug candidates are still under investigation and not yet clinically available
- Other names
- ERP46Endothelial protein disulfide isomeraseHCC-2STRF8PDIA15UNQ364Endo-PDI
02
Mechanism of action
Potential drugs would likely inhibit protein disulfide isomerase activity, either blocking disulfide bond formation or interfering with catalytic activity in ER stress/cancer/inflammatory pathways
03
Biological functions
Protein foldingDisulfide bond isomerization and reductionCell survival under hypoxiaRegulation of inflammatory responsesMolecular chaperone activity
04
Disease associations
Cancer (cervical carcinoma, liver cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, esophageal cancer)Rheumatoid arthritisOrgan fibrosis (heart, lung, liver, kidney, etc.)DiabetesFatty liver diseaseInflammation (general, sepsis)Schizophrenia, non-segmental vitiligo
05
Safety considerations
Therapeutic challenges include specificity (TXNDC5 is widely expressed in many tissues)Risk of affecting essential cellular stress and folding pathways, which could lead to unwanted toxicity
06
Interacting drugs
None currently approved or widely studied as direct TXNDC5 inhibitors; research is ongoing into targeting TXNDC5 for fibrotic and cancer diseases
07
Biomarkers
Genetic polymorphisms (SNPs) in TXNDC5 associated with disease susceptibility in cancer, rheumatoid arthritis, fibrosis, etc.Increased expression in tissues such as tumors and fibrotic organs (“diagnostic biomarker,” not currently used for patient selection)
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