Thymocyte differentiation antigen 1 (Thy-1 (CD90))

Thymocyte differentiation antigen 1 (Thy-1, CD90) is a small, highly N-glycosylated, GPI-anchored cell surface glycoprotein that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily and is conserved among vertebrates[1][2]. Originally identified as a thymocyte and T-cell marker, Thy-1 is also expressed on neurons, subsets of fibroblasts, mesangial cells, endothelial cells, some stem/progenitor cells, and others, with species- and tissue-specific variation[1][3]. It modulates cell differentiation and survival, transduces signals affecting the activation threshold of T cells, can regulate apoptosis, influences cell adhesion via integrin interactions, and participates in tumor suppression and fibrotic processes[1][2][3]. In preclinical research, Thy-1's modulation has been linked to models of glomerulonephritis, fibrosis, and tumor biology. Its presence or loss is a marker in stem cell and cancer biology, and experimental targeting with antibodies is common in animal studies[1][3]. No drugs currently target Thy-1 directly in clinical practice.

Other names

Thy-1CD90Cluster of Differentiation 90Theta antigen (historical, θ antigen)

Experimental anti-Thy-1 antibodies induce apoptosis or necrosis in target cell populations (e.g., mesangial cells) as a model for disease[1]. Modulates intracellular signaling pathways (e.g., Src-family kinases, TCR signaling), affects cell adhesion and differentiation via integrins[2][3]. May influence cell death pathways (apoptosis/necrosis) upon ligation in certain contexts[1].