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Thyroxine (T4)
- Target
- T4
- Molecular classification
- Hormone, Amino Acid Derivative
01
Overview
Thyroxine, commonly abbreviated as T4, is a major hormone produced by the thyroid gland. It is the primary form of thyroid hormone circulating in the blood and acts as a prohormone for triiodothyronine (T3), which is more biologically active. T4 plays an essential role in regulating metabolism, energy production, growth, and development throughout the body.
- Other names
- L-thyroxineTetraiodothyronine
02
Mechanism of action
Binds to nuclear receptors after conversion to T3, influencing gene transcription and cellular metabolism.
03
Biological functions
Regulation of basal metabolic rateControl of heart rateControl of respiratory rateRegulation of body temperaturePromotion of brain developmentSupport of skeletal growthSupport of muscle functionModulation of gastrointestinal motilityInfluence on reproductive system function
04
Disease associations
HypothyroidismHyperthyroidism
05
Safety considerations
Hyperthyroidism symptoms from excessive dosageDrug interactions affecting thyroid hormone levels
06
Biomarkers
Free T4 levelsTotal T4 levelsTSH levels
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