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Tight Junction Proteins
- Molecular classification
- Transmembrane protein, Cell adhesion molecule, Scaffolding protein
01
Overview
Tight junction proteins are a diverse group of molecules that form the backbone of tight junctions (TJs), which are specialized structures found at the apical region of epithelial, endothelial, and some myelinated cells. These proteins play a critical role in creating selective barriers that regulate the passage of ions, water, and solutes through the paracellular pathway, as well as maintaining cell polarity and coordinating signaling pathways involved in cell growth, differentiation, and tissue homeostasis.
- Other names
- TJ ProteinsClaudinsOccludinJAM familyZonula occludens proteinsZO-1ZO-2ZO-3PAR complexCrumbs complex
02
Mechanism of action
Modulation of tight junction protein expression or function to alter paracellular permeability and barrier integrity.
03
Biological functions
Paracellular barrier formationRegulation of paracellular permeabilityMaintenance of cell polarityCell adhesionSignal transductionRegulation of gene expressionVesicle trafficking
04
Disease associations
Gastrointestinal diseaseLiver diseaseCancer metastasisCentral nervous system disordersInflammatory diseasesMetabolic disordersSkin conditionsBlood-brain barrier disruption
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effects due to broad expression of tight junction proteins.Disruption of barrier function in unintended tissues.Compromised immune surveillance.
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