Timothy Grass Major Allergen Phl p 1 (Phl p 1)

Phl p 1 is the major allergen from timothy grass (*Phleum pratense*), a widely distributed grass species and a significant source of pollen allergy worldwide. It is a glycoprotein belonging to the group 1 family of grass pollen allergens. Recognized by IgE antibodies in more than 90% of individuals allergic to grass pollen, it serves as a key diagnostic marker. Phl p 1 triggers strong immune responses by inducing cytokine release from airway epithelial cells. It is localized in the cytoplasm and exine of mature timothy grass pollen grains and is released upon hydration. Unlike some other allergens, Phl p 1 does not possess protease activity; its allergenic effect primarily results from the induction of pro-inflammatory mediators.

Other names

Phleum pratense allergen 1Group 1 grass pollen allergen

Induction/release of pro-inflammatory mediators by airway epithelium; enhancement of TGF-beta expression. Does not possess protease activity.