Tooth enamel surface and acquired pellicle (AEP)

The tooth enamel surface and acquired pellicle (AEP) constitute the primary biochemical interface between the mineralized tooth structure and the oral environment (Siqueira et al., 2012, Journal of Dental Research). The enamel surface is composed of hydroxyapatite crystals, while the AEP is an acellular, organic film formed by the selective adsorption of salivary proteins, such as statherin and mucins, as well as lipids and carbohydrates (Hannig & Hannig, 2009, Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology). This complex functions as a protective barrier against acid-induced demineralization and provides essential lubrication to minimize mechanical wear during mastication (Vacca Smith & Bowen, 2000, Archives of Oral Biology). In dental pathology, the AEP acts as a scaffold for the attachment of primary bacterial colonizers, which can lead to the development of pathogenic biofilms and dental caries (Featherstone, 2000, Journal of the American Dental Association). Therapeutic agents like fluoride target this interface to promote the formation of acid-resistant fluorapatite, while antimicrobial agents like chlorhexidine bind to the pellicle to inhibit bacterial growth and plaque accumulation (Featherstone, 2000). Understanding the composition and dynamics of this surface is vital for developing treatments that enhance remineralization and prevent chronic oral diseases.

Other names

Acquired enamel pellicleDental pellicleEnamel-saliva interfaceSalivary pellicleHydroxyapatite-saliva interface

Promotion of remineralization through fluorapatite formation, inhibition of bacterial adhesion and biofilm maturation, and reduction of enamel acid solubility