Trained Immunity Induction (None)

Trained immunity refers to a form of innate immune memory, where cells of the innate immune system (such as monocytes and macrophages) undergo long-term functional reprogramming after exposure to certain stimuli. This results in an enhanced or altered response upon subsequent encounters with pathogens or other triggers, even if they are unrelated to the original stimulus. Unlike classical adaptive immunity—which is antigen-specific and involves lymphocytes—trained immunity is generally non-specific and does not involve antibody production.

Modulation of epigenetic state and metabolic pathways to enhance innate immune responses upon secondary challenge.