Transcription factor AP-2 gamma (TFAP2C)

Transcription factor AP-2 gamma is a DNA-binding transcription factor, encoded by the gene TFAP2C, and is a member of the AP-2 family. It regulates gene expression by binding to specific enhancer DNA sequences (5'-GCCNNNGGC-3') and can function as a homodimer or heterodimer with other AP-2 family members. TFAP2C plays a crucial role during early embryogenesis, particularly in morphogenesis and the development of multiple tissues, notably the placenta, eyes, facial structures, and neural tube. It acts as both an activator and repressor of gene expression, activating genes essential for differentiation and repressing others such as MYC and CD44. Dysregulation or mutation can lead to developmental syndromes (e.g., branchiooculofacial syndrome) or contribute to tumorigenesis, particularly in breast cancer, where it is known to regulate estrogen receptor pathways and serve as a biomarker of tumor subtype and prognosis[1][2][4].

Other names

AP2-gammaAP2-GAMMAERF1TFAP2GhAP-2gActivating enhancer-binding protein 2 gammaTranscription factor ERF-1Estrogen receptor factor 1

Modulation of transcriptional activity via DNA binding and interaction with enhancer elements. Regulation of downstream genes implicated in tumor progression and embryogenesis.