Transforming growth factor beta induced protein (TGFBI)

Transforming growth factor beta induced protein (TGFBIp, encoded by TGFBI) is a secreted extracellular matrix protein composed of 683 amino acids, characterized by an N-terminal cysteine-rich domain (EMI), four fasciclin 1 (FAS1) domains, and a C-terminal RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) integrin-binding motif. TGFBIp mediates cell adhesion, migration, and ECM organization by interacting with various collagen types and as a ligand for several integrins, such as α3β1, αvβ5, and αvβ3. It is broadly expressed in multiple tissues and is notably abundant in the cornea, where mutations in the TGFBI gene lead to amyloid deposits and a spectrum of corneal dystrophies. In cancer, TGFBIp plays complex roles: it may act as a tumor suppressor or a promoter depending on the tissue microenvironment and tumor type. Its activity is induced by transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and it participates in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including fibrosis, wound healing, and inflammation

Other names

TGFBIβig-H3BIGH3keratoepithelinRGD-CAPMP78CDB1CDG2CDGG1CSDCSD1CSD2CSD3EBMDLCD1RGD-containing collagen-associated proteintransforming growth factor, beta-induced, 68kDatransforming growth factor-beta-induced protein ig-h3

Not applicable for direct drug action; TGFBI modulates cell adhesion/invasion by binding integrins, so any therapeutic targeting would involve inhibition of protein-protein interactions or modulation of gene/protein expression