Translationally-controlled tumor protein (TCTP)

Translationally-controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is a widely expressed, highly conserved cytoprotective protein involved in multiple core cellular processes, including cell cycle regulation, apoptosis suppression, stress response, autophagy, and modulation of immune responses[3][4][5]. TCTP participates in proliferative signaling such as the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway and directly interacts with apoptosis regulators, notably p53 and BCL2[1][3]. Its overexpression frequently occurs in cancers and correlates with poor outcomes, tumor progression, resistance to therapy, and metastasis[1][3][4][5]. TCTP is also known as fortilin, HRF (histamine-releasing factor), and p23, reflecting its additional role in allergy and immune response[4]. Current research considers TCTP a significant therapeutic target and biomarker in oncology, though no approved drugs directly target it yet[1][3]. Disruption of TCTP function could adversely affect normal cell viability and homeostasis, posing translational challenges for therapy[2][3].

Other names

Tumor protein, translationally-controlled 1TPT1FortilinHistamine-releasing factorHRFp23p02

Apoptosis inhibition (modulates p53, BCL2-dependent cell death); Regulation of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway; Modulates cell cycle progression (G0/G1 arrest after knockdown); Immune response modulation via histamine-releasing activity