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Transmembrane and tetratricopeptide repeat containing 1 (TMTC1)

Target
TMTC1
Molecular classification
Enzyme (specifically, protein O-mannosyltransferase), Transmembrane protein, Glycosyltransferase
01

Overview

Transmembrane and tetratricopeptide repeat containing 1 (TMTC1) is a protein O-mannosyltransferase localized to the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, dedicated primarily to the modification of cadherin and protocadherin domains by the addition of O-linked mannose glycans onto serine or threonine residues. TMTC1, along with TMTC2–4, is distinguished from the classical dystroglycan-targeting POMT1/POMT2 enzymes by its substrate specificity. TMTC1 is critical for proper cell adhesion, migration, and invasion by modifying adhesion molecules such as integrins β1 and β4, with implications for cancer cell behavior, particularly in ovarian cancer. TMTC1 is being explored as a novel therapeutic target, and its expression level may serve as a prognostic biomarker in certain cancer types.

Other names
TMTC1Transmembrane O-mannosyltransferase targeting cadherins 1Protein O-mannosyl-transferase TMTC1TMTC1AARG99OLFFLJ31400FLJ41625transmembrane and tetratricopeptide repeat containing 1A
02

Mechanism of action

Not applicable (no direct interacting drugs identified). Potential mechanisms, if targeted, would likely include inhibition of O-mannosyltransferase activity, reduction of integrin modification, and subsequent decrease in cancer cell migration/invasion.

03

Biological functions

Protein O-linked mannosylation (adds mannose to serine/threonine residues in target proteins)Modification of cadherins and protocadherins (crucial for cell-cell adhesion and signaling)Regulation of cell adhesion, migration, and invasion (modifies integrins β1 and β4, which have roles in cell-matrix and cell-cell interactions)Potential regulation of ER stress response
04

Disease associations

Cancer (elevated expression associated with poor prognosis and metastasis, particularly in ovarian cancer and possibly gastric cancer)Type 1 diabetes mellitus 3 (genetic association)Schizophrenia 19 (genetic association)Other cancers (potential role indicated by mRNA expression in The Cancer Genome Atlas)
05

Safety considerations

No specific safety concerns established for TMTC1 inhibition, as no drugs are known to target it directly.Potential challenges: TMTC1 is widely expressed and involved in protein glycosylation important for cell viability, adhesion, and development.Off-target effects or systemic inhibition could potentially disrupt normal cell function and organ development, particularly in muscle and brain.
06

Biomarkers

TMTC1 protein expression (immunohistochemistry; high expression correlates with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer)TMTC1 mRNA expression level (potential for disease stratification in cancer)

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