Transmembrane protein 100 (TMEM100)

Transmembrane protein 100 (TMEM100) is a highly conserved protein with two transmembrane domains, encoded by the *TMEM100* gene in humans (chromosome 17q32). TMEM100 is structurally unrelated to any known protein family and is mainly expressed in the lung endothelium, but also found in the brain, heart, muscle, and the developing nervous system[1][3][5]. It plays a critical role in vascular development, maintenance of vascular integrity, angiogenesis, and endothelial differentiation, acting downstream of the BMP9/10-ALK1 signaling pathway[3][5]. TMEM100 also modulates nociceptive signaling by potentiating the TRPA1/TRPV1 pain-sensing channel complex[1]. In disease, TMEM100 functions as a tumor suppressor in lung and liver cancers, with lower expression associated with poor prognosis in non-small cell lung carcinoma and hepatocellular carcinoma[1][2][3]. TMEM100’s expression and function in endothelial cell regeneration and vascular repair suggest its possible use as a therapeutic target in cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases[3]. Knockout studies confirm its essential role, with null embryos showing severe vascular defects and embryonic lethality[1][3][5]. At present, no drugs are approved to target TMEM100, though antibodies and peptides directed at the extracellular domain are under investigation for both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes[3].

Other names

TMEM100FLJ10970FLJ37856

No known clinically approved drugs; preclinical targeting may involve modulation of the BMP/ALK1 pathway or peptide/antibody targeting of TMEM100’s extracellular domain