Transmembrane protein 219 (TMEM219)

Transmembrane protein 219 (TMEM219), also known as insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 receptor (IGFBP-3R), is a cell surface protein that acts primarily as a receptor for insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3 (IGFBP3). Upon binding to IGFBP3, it can trigger caspase-8-dependent apoptosis. It also regulates transcription factor expression and proliferation of pancreatic beta cells. TMEM219 is implicated in several diseases, including diabetes, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, cancer, Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome, hyper-IgE recurrent infection syndrome type 5, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, asthma, and lung cancer metastasis. In cancer, it is often suppressed in prostate and breast tumors and has a potential tumor suppressor function. It also interacts with IL13Rα2, mediating signaling from chitinase 3-like-protein 1 (CHI3L1), which is implicated in lung diseases.

Other names

IGFBP-3RIGFBP3Rtransmembrane protein 219

TMEM219 inhibitors block interaction sites or alter the conformation of the protein to reduce its activity, modulating apoptosis or specific signaling pathways.