Transmembrane protein 45B (TMEM45B)

Transmembrane protein 45B (TMEM45B) is a multi-pass transmembrane protein localized mainly to intracellular membranes (trans-Golgi, endosomes, lysosomes/ER), with predicted involvement in the innate immune response through antiviral RNA degradation mechanisms[4][5]. In the nervous system, it is highly expressed in specific sensory neurons in the dorsal root ganglia where it mediates inflammation- and tissue injury–induced mechanical pain hypersensitivity, but not nociception under normal conditions[3]. In cancer biology, TMEM45B is frequently upregulated across various cancers (lung, pancreatic, gastric, osteosarcoma), associated with enhanced cell proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, and has been implicated as a biomarker for cancer progression and metastasis, possibly acting through pathways like JAK/STAT3 and Wnt/β-catenin[1]. TMEM45B’s functional roles and potential as a therapeutic target are under investigation in both neurobiology (pain modulation) and oncology[3][1].

Other names

TMEM45BBC016153FLJ40787TM45B

Mediates innate immunity via interference with viral RNA polymerase complexes, specifically by promoting viral RNA degradation[5][4] Involvement in signal transduction pathways in cancer (e.g., Wnt/β-catenin, JAK/STAT3)[1]