Transmembrane protein 59 (TMEM59)

Transmembrane protein 59 (TMEM59) is a type I membrane protein predominately localized to the Golgi apparatus and other intracellular membranes. It is involved in several cellular processes, including positively regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling by associating with and promoting higher-order assembly of canonical Wnt receptor complexes such as Frizzled and LRP6. TMEM59 also functions as a modulator of protein glycosylation in the Golgi, influencing the maturation and processing of proteins such as the amyloid precursor protein (APP), a key player in Alzheimer’s disease pathogenesis. Additionally, TMEM59 promotes autophagic degradation of endocytic compartments by engaging the autophagy machinery through a conserved ATG16L1-binding motif and recruiting LC3, especially under stress or infection conditions. TMEM59 is not a typical therapeutic target, receptor, enzyme, or transporter, and no drugs or clinical biomarker applications are associated with it as of the current literature. Its roles in neurodegeneration, cell signaling, and innate immune responses are areas of ongoing research.

Other names

C1orf8DCF1HSPC001PRO195UNQ169Unq169/PRO195dendritic cell factor 1liver membrane-bound protein