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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Trefoil factor 2 (TFF2)
- Target
- TFF2
- Molecular classification
- Other (Mucin-associated secretory peptide)
01
Overview
Trefoil factor 2 (TFF2) is a stable secretory protein expressed in the gastrointestinal mucosa, characterized by two trefoil domains stabilized by disulfide bonds. These domains interact with mucin glycoproteins to modulate mucus thickness and viscosity and play a crucial role in the protection and repair of epithelial surfaces following injury or inflammation. TFF2 also inhibits gastric acid secretion and supports epithelial regeneration through cell migration, operating largely independently of classic growth factor pathways. It has disease-relevant roles in gastrointestinal disorders, diabetes, and some cancers. While not a traditional drug target (such as a receptor or enzyme), TFF2 is under investigation as a therapeutic agent for its critical functions in mucosal protection, healing, and pancreatic cell homeostasis
- Other names
- TFF2Spasmolysin
02
Mechanism of action
Mucosal healing through enhanced epithelial restitution and migration; Stabilization of mucus by cross-linking mucins; Inhibition of gastric acid secretion
03
Biological functions
Mucosal protectionPromotion of epithelial healingStabilization of the mucus layerInhibition of gastric acid secretionAcceleration of cell migration for tissue repair
04
Disease associations
Gastrointestinal disease (peptic ulcers, gastritis)InflammationCancer (protective and prognostic roles in some GI tract cancers)Diabetes (regulation of pancreas and β-cell function)
05
Safety considerations
Notable safety concerns are not established, but therapeutic applications are limited by poor mechanistic understanding and lack of well-defined pharmacology
06
Biomarkers
Altered TFF2 expression may serve as a biomarker for gastrointestinal mucosal injury, gastric cancer, and inflammation, as well as for pancreatic islet function in diabetes
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