Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-like protein 4 (TREML4)

Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-like protein 4 (TREML4) is a receptor of the immunoglobulin superfamily, predominantly expressed on myeloid cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells, especially within the spleen[2][3][4]. TREML4 is involved in fine-tuning inflammatory and immune responses by regulating genes associated with leukocyte activation, apoptosis, and extracellular matrix remodeling[1]. It modulates the immune response by positively regulating Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) signaling in macrophages[3], contributes to antigen presentation, and plays a role in the uptake of dying or necrotic cells[2]. TREML4 expression is associated with inflammatory macrophage (M1) phenotypes and is upregulated in human cardiovascular and autoimmune diseases, such as atherosclerosis and lupus, where it appears to exacerbate disease processes[1]. Antibody-mediated targeting of TREML4 can enhance immune responses by directing antigens to relevant immune cells, suggesting a therapeutic and immunization potential[2].

Other names

Trem-like transcript 4 proteinTLT4TLT-4UNQ9425/PRO34675Trem-like 4Treml4triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-like protein 4TREM-like transcript 4

Antibodies targeting TREML4 can deliver antigens to myeloid cells, enhancing immunization and antigen presentation[2].