Trispecific tumor-anchoring target antigens

Trispecific tumor-anchoring target antigens refer to a set of surface proteins on cancer cells that are simultaneously targeted by trispecific antibodies (TsAbs) to enhance therapeutic precision and efficacy. These antigens, often referred to as tumor-associated antigens (TAAs), serve as anchors that localize the multispecific drug to the tumor site. By targeting two different tumor antigens (dual-targeting) or a combination of a tumor antigen and immune-modulating receptors (e.g., CD3 and CD28), these targets allow for increased binding avidity and reduced immune escape. This strategy is particularly effective in overcoming tumor heterogeneity and improving the recruitment of T cells or NK cells to the tumor microenvironment. Common examples of such antigens include BCMA, GPRC5D, and CD19 in hematological malignancies, as well as HER2, EGFR, and CEA in solid tumors.

Other names

Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) for trispecific antibodiesDual-tumor targeting antigensTrispecific antibody targetsTumor-anchoring antigens

Trispecific antibodies (TsAbs) simultaneously bind to one or more tumor-anchoring antigens on cancer cells and one or more receptors on immune effector cells (e.g., CD3 on T cells) to facilitate targeted cytotoxicity. Some TsAbs also engage a third target, such as a co-stimulatory molecule (e.g., CD28, 4-1BB) or a second tumor antigen to increase binding avidity and specificity.