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tRNA splicing endonuclease subunit Sen2 (TSEN2)

Target
TSEN2
Molecular classification
Enzyme, Endonuclease, RNA processing enzyme, tRNA-splicing endonuclease subunit
01

Overview

tRNA splicing endonuclease subunit Sen2 (TSEN2) is one of four subunits comprising the tRNA splicing endonuclease complex, which is essential for the removal of introns from precursor tRNAs in eukaryotic cells. TSEN2 is a catalytic subunit—responsible for the cleavage at the 5′ splice site of intron-containing pre-tRNAs, a critical step in tRNA maturation required for accurate translation and protein synthesis. Mutations in TSEN2 disrupt tRNA processing, resulting in pontocerebellar hypoplasia, a severe neurodevelopmental disorder, and may also impact other cellular RNA processing functions. The TSEN complex is ubiquitously expressed, and its enzymatic activity is tightly regulated at multiple levels; recent data suggest TSEN2 may have additional non-tRNA functions, including involvement in mRNA degradation and cellular stress response. No drugs specifically target TSEN2, and any therapeutic intervention would face substantial safety concerns due to the protein's fundamental role in cell viability.

Other names
TSEN2SEN2HsSen2SEN2LMGC2776tRNA-intron endonuclease Sen2PCH2B
02

Mechanism of action

Not applicable: no interacting drugs documented. If targeted, inhibition would interfere with tRNA maturation, impairing protein synthesis and cellular viability.

03

Biological functions

tRNA intron excisionRNA processingtRNA maturationCleavage of phosphodiester bonds at splice sitestRNA and potentially select mRNA degradation (yeast studies)Regulation of stress responses (activation of integrated stress response in case of mutation)
04

Disease associations

Pontocerebellar hypoplasia (neurodegenerative/neurodevelopmental disease)Other neurodegenerative disorders associated with splicing machinery dysfunction
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Safety considerations

Targeting TSEN2 is likely toxic due to its essential housekeeping role in RNA processing and protein synthesisGenetic mutations cause severe, fatal neuronal disease (pontocerebellar hypoplasia)Loss of function activates cellular stress responses, potentially leading to cell death
06

Biomarkers

Mutations in TSEN2, TSEN34, TSEN15, or TSEN54 subunits for detection/diagnosis of pontocerebellar hypoplasiaNo established biomarkers for patient selection or monitoring efficacy (as TSEN2 is not currently a therapeutic target)

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