tRNA wybutosine-synthesizing protein 1 homolog B (TYW1B)

tRNA wybutosine-synthesizing protein 1 homolog B (TYW1B) is a member of the wybutosine biosynthesis pathway, responsible for the post-transcriptional modification of phenylalanine tRNA in eukaryotes. Wybutosine (yW) is a hypermodified guanosine located adjacent to the anticodon of tRNA^Phe and functions to stabilize codon-anticodon interactions during ribosome decoding, helping maintain the reading frame for translation. In yeast, the TYW1 gene product is required for the second step in yW biosynthesis, catalyzing a condensation reaction forming the tricyclic core structure. TYW1B is a human homolog/paralog of TYW1, but the open reading frame is disrupted in some individuals, suggesting that TYW1B may be an evolving pseudogene with potentially limited or variable functionality in human populations. Disease associations for TYW1B include intellectual developmental disorder (autosomal dominant 44) with microcephaly. No drugs or drug mechanisms are known to directly target TYW1B, and its role as a therapeutic target is unconfirmed. The protein contains domains consistent with radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) and iron-sulfur (Fe-S) cluster binding, consistent with a role in complex enzymatic RNA modifications.

Other names

S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent tRNA 4-demethylwyosine synthase TYW1BTYW1BRSAFD2MGC87315NCRNA00069LINC00069Radical S-adenosyl methionine and flavodoxin domain-containing protein 2Radical S-adenosyl methionine and flavodoxin domains 1non-protein coding RNA 69long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 69