tRNA-yW synthesizing protein 1 homolog (TYW1)

tRNA-yW synthesizing protein 1 homolog (TYW1) is an enzyme that participates in the post-transcriptional modification of tRNA, specifically in the biosynthesis of wybutosine (yW)—a highly modified guanosine derivative at position 37 of eukaryotic phenylalanine tRNA[1][4][5][7]. This modification is critical for maintaining translational fidelity by stabilizing codon-anticodon pairing during protein synthesis[1]. TYW1 is a member of the radical S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) superfamily and contains an iron-sulfur (4Fe-4S) cluster essential for its catalytic activity[4][5]. It catalyzes the second step of wybutosine biosynthesis, converting N^1^-methylguanosine (m^1^G) at position 37 of tRNA^Phe^ into the tricyclic base 4-demethylwyosine (imG-14) using carbons derived from pyruvate[4][5][7]. The human gene TYW1 has several transcript variants due to alternative splicing and shares homology with the yeast TYW1 gene[1]. While not currently a primary therapeutic or drug target, mutations or dysregulation in TYW1 is associated with diseases such as Shwachman-Diamond syndrome 1 and spastic monoplegia[1].

Other names

S-adenosyl-L-methionine-dependent tRNA 4-demethylwyosine synthase TYW1RSAFD1FLJ10900MGC23001MGC60291YPL207WTYW1ARadical S-adenosyl methionine and flavodoxin domain-containing protein 1tRNA wybutosine-synthesizing protein 1 homologtRNA-yW-synthesizing proteintRNA-yW synthesizing protein 1 homolog A (S. cerevisiae)