Tumor-associated ligand of gamma delta T cell receptor

Tumor-associated ligands recognized by the gamma delta T cell receptor (γδTCR) are a diverse group of stress-induced molecules upregulated on tumor cells and infected or stressed cells. These include NKG2D ligands such as MICA, MICB, and ULBPs, butyrophilin family members like BTN3A1, and co-stimulatory ligands such as JAML. Recognition of these ligands by γδTCR—often together with engagement of activating co-receptors—triggers immune responses including cytotoxicity and cytokine production by γδ T lymphocytes, contributing to immune surveillance and antitumor immunity[5][7][9][1][4].

Other names

γδTCR ligandNKG2D ligandStress-induced ligandBTN3A1 ligandJAML ligandImmune stress ligand

Ligand recognition by γδTCR triggers activation and cytotoxicity of γδ T lymphocytes, leading to tumor cell killing[5][7][9]. Engagement of co-receptors such as NKG2D or BTN3A family enhances or modulates these responses[4][9].