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Tumor-Associated Proteases

Molecular classification
Enzyme, Protease, Serine Protease, Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP), Cysteine Protease, Aspartic Protease, Threonine Protease
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Overview

Tumor-associated proteases are a diverse group of enzymes that are overexpressed or aberrantly activated in the tumor microenvironment. They play critical roles in cancer progression, including tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, angiogenesis, and modulation of the immune response. These proteases can originate from both cancer cells and stromal components such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs. Examples include uPA, MMPs, cathepsins and FAP. They are attractive targets for diagnostic imaging agents, prodrug therapies, antibody-drug conjugates, and direct enzyme inhibitors.

Other names
Cancer-associated proteasesProteases in tumor microenvironment
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Mechanism of action

Inhibition of protease activity, blocking downstream signaling pathways, targeted drug delivery via protease-cleavable linkers

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Biological functions

Extracellular matrix degradationGrowth factor activationCell signaling modulationAngiogenesisImmune evasionTumor invasionMetastasisProdrug activation
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Disease associations

CancerTumor ProgressionMetastasis
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Safety considerations

Off-target effects on normal tissuesDevelopment of resistance to inhibitorsPotential for promoting alternative pathways of tumor progression
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Biomarkers

uPA expression levelMMP-2 expression levelMMP-9 expression levelCathepsin B expression levelFAP expression level

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