Tumor cell–derived patient-specific neoantigen peptide

Tumor cell–derived patient-specific neoantigen peptides are unique protein fragments created by alterations in the cancer cell genome, including single-nucleotide variants, insertions, deletions, gene fusions, or aberrant post-translational modifications. These peptides are presented on the tumor cell surface bound to MHC molecules, and are absent in normal tissues, making them targets for immune recognition. Neoantigen peptide-based therapies aim to harness T cell responses that specifically attack tumor cells without affecting normal cells. The personalized aspect refers to the identification and synthesis of these peptide antigens based on each individual’s tumor genetic profile, underpinning the development of personalized cancer vaccines and adoptive T cell therapies. Challenges remain in reliably identifying highly immunogenic neoantigens and ensuring robust, durable immune responses[1][2][3][4][5].

Other names

Tumor-specific neoantigenTumor neoantigen peptideNeoantigen peptidePatient-specific neoantigenTumor-specific antigen (TSA)

Induction of immune response via MHC presentation and T cell activation[1][2][4][5] Tumor-specific T cell priming