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Tumor cell glycan–immune cell lectin receptor interface

Molecular classification
Other (interface of glycan structures and lectin receptors), Receptor (lectin receptor involved)
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Overview

The tumor cell glycan–immune cell lectin receptor interface is a molecular interaction between altered glycan structures on the surface of tumor cells and glycan-binding lectin receptors (including C-type lectin receptors, galectins, and Siglecs) expressed on immune cells. This interface orchestrates critical immune checkpoint-like functions, promoting immune evasion and tumor progression by suppressing anti-tumor immune responses. Targeting the glycan–lectin interaction with biologics (such as antibodies or glycomimetic compounds) is considered an emerging immunotherapeutic approach in oncology, aiming to overcome resistance to conventional immune checkpoint inhibitors and re-invigorate anti-tumor immunity.

Other names
Tumor glycan–lectin checkpointGlyco-immune checkpointTumor glyco-immune interface
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Mechanism of action

Blockade of glycan-lectin interaction to restore or enhance anti-tumor immunity; Inhibition of immunosuppressive signaling pathways induced by lectin receptor engagement

03

Biological functions

Immune response modulationImmune evasionImmune checkpoint regulationCell-cell interaction in the tumor microenvironment
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Disease associations

CancerImmune evasionTumor progression
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Safety considerations

Potential for broad immune modulation or autoimmunityOff-target effects due to lectin receptor roles in homeostasis and pathogen recognitionGlycan redundancy and heterogeneity may limit specificity of targeting strategies
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Interacting drugs

No single drug; experimental therapeutics include inhibitors or antibodies targeting C-type lectin receptors (e.g., anti-DC-SIGN), Siglecs (e.g., anti-Siglec-7 or Siglec-9), galectins (e.g., galectin-3 inhibitors), and various glycomimetic molecules under preclinical/clinical development
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Biomarkers

Aberrant glycosylation patterns (e.g., increased sialylation, fucosylated Lewis antigens, truncated O-glycans)Expression of specific lectin receptors on immune cells (e.g., DC-SIGN, Siglecs, galectins)Tumor glyco-code signature for immunotype stratification

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