Tumor cell lysis by oncolytic adenovirus (null)

Oncolytic adenovirus is a genetically engineered double-stranded DNA virus designed to selectively infect, replicate within, and lyse tumor cells, while sparing normal tissue. The mechanism of tumor cell lysis involves recognition of cell surface receptors (most commonly CAR), receptor-mediated endocytosis, viral genome delivery to the nucleus, and induction of cell cycle entry and apoptosis. Lysis releases viral progeny and tumor antigens, promoting both direct oncolysis and secondary immune response against the tumor. Adenovirus vectors can be further engineered for tumor selectivity by deleting or modifying early genes (e.g. E1A/E1B) and inserting therapeutic genes. These agents are advancing in clinical use, but the phrase "tumor cell lysis by oncolytic adenovirus" denotes a mechanism, not a discrete molecular therapeutic target

Other names

Oncolytic adenovirus-mediated tumor cell killingvirolytic tumor cell deathadenovirus-induced cell lysisoncolytic virotherapy

Selective infection of tumor cells (via receptors such as CAR/CD46 ); Viral replication and direct lysis of tumor cells; Activation of anti-tumor immune response; Expression of therapeutic transgenes (sometimes engineered into the adenoviral genome)