Tumor cells permissive to adenoviral replication

Tumor cells permissive to adenoviral replication refers to a specific subset of malignant cells that possess the necessary cellular machinery and lack specific antiviral defenses, allowing for the entry, replication, and eventual lysis by oncolytic adenoviruses. This permissivity is often dictated by the presence of specific surface receptors, such as the Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) or alpha-v integrins, which facilitate viral entry (Source: PubMed, PMID: 10449334). Furthermore, these cells frequently exhibit defects in innate antiviral signaling pathways or tumor suppressor genes like p53 and Rb, which engineered viruses exploit to replicate selectively in cancerous tissue while sparing normal cells (Source: NIH, PMC1383514). In clinical applications, these cells are the intended targets for oncolytic therapies like Oncorine (H101), where viral replication leads to direct cell lysis (oncolysis) and the subsequent release of tumor antigens to trigger a systemic immune response (Source: Journal of Hematology & Oncology, doi:10.1186/s13045-018-0569-x). Identifying and targeting these permissive cells is a cornerstone of virotherapy, though challenges such as neutralizing antibodies and low receptor expression in advanced tumors remain significant hurdles.

Other names

Adenovirus-permissive tumor cellsOncolytic adenovirus target cellsCAR-positive tumor cellsp53-deficient tumor cells

Oncolytic adenoviruses selectively infect and replicate within these cells, leading to direct cell lysis and the induction of a systemic anti-tumor immune response.