Tumor extracellular matrix (Tumor ECM)

The tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) is a complex and dynamic network of proteins, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans that provides structural and biochemical support to the tumor microenvironment. In cancer, the ECM is extensively remodeled, characterized by increased stiffness, excessive collagen deposition, and aberrant cross-linking, which collectively create a physical barrier to drug delivery and immune cell infiltration. This pathological matrix also serves as a reservoir for growth factors and provides mechanical signals that promote tumor cell survival, proliferation, and metastasis. Therapeutic strategies targeting the tumor ECM aim to degrade its components (e.g., using hyaluronidase), inhibit its production by cancer-associated fibroblasts, or block its interactions with cell surface receptors like integrins. While these approaches can sensitize tumors to chemotherapy and immunotherapy, they face challenges such as systemic toxicity and the risk of compromising normal tissue integrity.

Other names

Tumoral extracellular matrixCancer-associated extracellular matrixTumor matrisomeTumor stromaTumor-associated ECM

Enzymatic degradation of matrix components, inhibition of matrix synthesis and cross-linking, and blockade of matrix-cell signaling interactions to improve drug delivery and reduce pro-survival signaling.