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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 8-like 2 (TIPE2)
- Target
- TIPE2
- Molecular classification
- Immune checkpoint protein, Lipid transfer protein, Regulatory protein (negative regulator of immune signaling), Other (regulator of autophagy via interaction with signaling pathways)
01
Overview
Tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 8-like 2 (TIPE2) is a member of the TNFAIP8 family, preferentially expressed in myeloid cell types and acting as a critical regulator of immunity and metabolism. TIPE2 inhibits immune cell activation and inflammatory gene expression, constraining both innate and adaptive immune responses to maintain immune homeostasis. Mechanistically, TIPE2 modulates cellular lipid metabolism, autophagy (via TAK1/JNK pathway inhibition), and mitochondrial respiration. Its expression is dynamically regulated in disease states, such as being suppressed in acute inflammation and induced in metabolic syndrome. Because of its dual regulatory function, TIPE2 serves as an immune “brake,” and is a promising novel therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and inflammatory conditions
- Other names
- TNFAIP8L2TIPE2TNF alpha-induced protein 8 like 2TNFAIP8-like protein 2FLJ23467Inflammation factor protein 20inflammation factor 20
02
Mechanism of action
null (as of 2025, direct drugs are not available; mechanism for potential therapeutics would be immune and metabolic checkpoint modulation via inhibition or enhancement of TIPE2’s activity)
03
Biological functions
Negative regulation of innate and adaptive immunityMaintenance of immune homeostasisRegulation of inflammationRegulation of cellular metabolism (including lipid biosynthesis)Negative regulation of T-cell activationSuppression of autophagy (in dendritic cells via TAK1/JNK pathway)Negative regulation of NK cell maturation and antitumor immunity
04
Disease associations
Cancer (acts as tumor suppressor; knockout mice show systemic inflammation)Inflammation (deficiency results in hyperinflammation; target for inflammatory diseases)Cardiovascular disease (therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis)Infectious and autoimmune diseases (downregulated in patients with these conditions)
05
Safety considerations
Potential for fatal inflammation and immune system hyperactivation in TIPE2-deficient modelsTherapeutic modulation must be carefully tailored to avoid unwanted immune suppression or immune overactivation
06
Biomarkers
Expression of TIPE2 in myeloid cells as a marker for inflammation, immune activation, and metabolic statusEpigenetic modification (hypomethylation/induction in disease states and following high-fat diet)
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