Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 19L (RELT) (RELT)

Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 19L (RELT), also known as Receptor Expressed in Lymphoid Tissues, is a type I transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the spleen, lymph nodes, and thymus (UniProt Q969Z4). As a member of the TNFR superfamily, RELT is characterized by its cysteine-rich extracellular domains and its ability to mediate signal transduction without a traditional death domain (PubMed: 11527917). It primarily activates the NF-kappa-B and JNK signaling pathways, which are crucial for regulating cell survival, differentiation, and the immune response (PubMed: 15123656). RELT has been shown to interact with other TNFR members like RECK and OX40, and it plays a role in stimulating T-cell proliferation in a TCR-dependent manner (PubMed: 12620222). In clinical contexts, RELT expression is often altered in various cancers, including hematological malignancies and solid tumors like glioblastoma, suggesting a role in tumor progression or immune evasion (PubMed: 25605015). While there are currently no FDA-approved drugs targeting RELT, it is being investigated as a potential target for immunotherapy due to its restrictive expression pattern and involvement in T-cell costimulation. The receptor's ability to modulate T-cell activity makes it an attractive candidate for developing agonists to enhance anti-tumor immunity or antagonists to treat autoimmune disorders. However, therapeutic development must address potential safety concerns such as systemic inflammation or off-target effects in tissues with low-level expression.

Other names

Receptor expressed in lymphoid tissuesTNFRSF19LFLJ14993

Modulation of NF-kappa-B and JNK signaling pathways through receptor activation or inhibition to regulate immune cell function.