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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Tumor protein 53 (p53)
- Target
- p53
- Molecular classification
- Transcription factor
01
Overview
Tumor protein 53 (p53) is a tumor suppressor protein that regulates cell division and prevents cells from proliferating uncontrollably. It plays an essential role in maintaining genomic stability by binding directly to DNA, sensing DNA damage, and deciding cell fate (repair or apoptosis). TP53 is the most frequently mutated gene in human cancers. Mutations are especially common in the core DNA-binding domain and are associated with loss of tumor-suppressive function.
- Other names
- TP53Guardian of the genome
02
Mechanism of action
p53 binds specific regulatory regions on target genes, inducing expression of genes that halt cell cycle progression, promote DNA repair mechanisms, or initiate apoptosis.
03
Biological functions
Tumor suppressionRegulation of cell cycle arrestApoptosisDNA repairMaintaining genomic stabilityCell cycleCell death
04
Disease associations
Cancer
05
Safety considerations
Loss-of-function mutations prevent proper binding to target gene promoters.Mutations can exert dominant-negative effects by interfering with wild-type subunits within tetramers.Direct pharmacological targeting remains challenging due to loss-of-function nature of most mutations.
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