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This entry refers to a collection of five distinct proteins—Tumor protein p53 (TP53), N-myc downstream regulated gene 1 (NDRG1), Solute carrier family 7 member 5 (SLC7A5/LAT1), Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 5 (CEACAM5/CEA), and HpaII tiny fragments locus 9 protein C (HTF9C/TRMT112)—rather than a single therapeutic target. p53 is a master tumor suppressor that regulates the cell cycle and apoptosis (Levine, 1997, Cell). NDRG1 is a stress-responsive protein involved in cell differentiation and the suppression of metastasis (Fang et al., 2014, Cancer Letters). SLC7A5 is a critical transporter for large neutral amino acids that is frequently upregulated in tumors to support metabolic demands (Scalise et al., 2018, Frontiers in Chemistry). CEACAM5 is a cell surface glycoprotein widely used as a clinical biomarker and target for immunotherapy in colorectal cancer (Beauchemin & Arabzadeh, 2013, Cancer Metastasis Reviews). HTF9C acts as a co-factor for various methyltransferases involved in tRNA and protein modification (Metzger et al., 2019, Nucleic Acids Research). These proteins are often co-analyzed in oncological research, particularly as part of gene expression signatures for prognosis or treatment response in colorectal cancer. Because they represent diverse molecular classes, they are not targeted by a single therapeutic agent but are individually significant in drug development and clinical diagnostics.
This entry represents a multi-gene set with diverse mechanisms: p53-targeted therapies aim to restore tumor suppressor function; SLC7A5 inhibitors block essential amino acid transport; CEACAM5-targeted agents utilize antibodies or antibody-drug conjugates for tumor-specific cytotoxicity; and NDRG1 induction via iron chelation is used for metastasis suppression.
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