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Tumor Tissue via Enhanced Permeability and Retention (EPR) Effect
- Molecular classification
- Physiological process, Pathophysiological process
01
Overview
The enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect is a phenomenon observed in solid tumor tissues, where macromolecules, nanoparticles, and certain drugs accumulate more readily than in normal tissues due to leaky vasculature and poor lymphatic drainage. It is a key principle in passive targeting strategies for cancer nanomedicine, though its effectiveness varies and is debated.
- Other names
- EPR effectEnhanced Permeability and Retention effectTumor vasculature targetingPassive tumor targeting
02
Mechanism of action
Passive targeting of tumor tissue based on leaky vasculature and poor lymphatic drainage, leading to selective accumulation of macromolecules and nanoparticles.
03
Biological functions
Drug deliveryMacromolecule accumulationVascular permeability modulationLymphatic drainage impairment
04
Disease associations
Cancer
05
Safety considerations
Limited selectivity compared to active targetingHigh inter-tumoral variability in EPR effectPotential for off-target accumulation in healthy tissuesDebated clinical impact and efficacy in humansEPR effect might be less pronounced in human tumors compared to animal models
06
Interacting drugs
Liposomes
5 more in the full profile.
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