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Type III Interferon Pathway
- Molecular classification
- Signaling pathway, Cytokine pathway, JAK-STAT pathway
01
Overview
The type III interferon (IFN) pathway is an antiviral defense mechanism primarily active at epithelial and endothelial barriers. It involves the binding of IFN-lambda ligands (IFNL1, IFNL2, IFNL3, and IFNL4) to a heterodimeric receptor complex (IL28Rα/IFNLR1 and IL10Rβ), leading to activation of the JAK-STAT pathway and subsequent transcription of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs). Unlike type I IFNs, type III IFNs exhibit more restricted expression, primarily in epithelial cells and some immune cells, resulting in a less inflammatory response.
- Other names
- IFN-lambda pathwayInterferon lambda signalingType III IFN signaling
02
Mechanism of action
Modulation of interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) expression via the JAK-STAT signaling pathway.
03
Biological functions
Antiviral defenseImmunomodulationSignal transductionGene transcription
04
Disease associations
Viral infectionAutoimmunityCancerInflammation
05
Safety considerations
Potential for autoimmune complications with excessive signalingPotential for off-target effects due to shared receptor components
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