Tyrosinase-derived HLA-A*02:01-restricted epitopes (Tyrosinase HLA-A2 epitopes)

Tyrosinase-derived HLA-A2-restricted epitopes are specific peptide fragments derived from the tyrosinase enzyme (UniProt P14679), which is essential for melanin biosynthesis in melanocytes. These peptides, most notably Tyrosinase 369-377 (YMDGTMSQV), are processed and presented on the cell surface by the Human Leukocyte Antigen A*02:01 (HLA-A2) molecule (Wolfel et al., 1994, Eur J Immunol). In melanoma, tyrosinase is often overexpressed, making these peptide-MHC complexes valuable targets for cancer immunotherapy (Brichard et al., 1993, J Exp Med). Therapeutic strategies include peptide-based vaccines, TCR-engineered T cells, and bispecific T-cell engagers like IMC-F10V designed to redirect the immune system to recognize and eliminate melanoma cells (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03382444). However, because tyrosinase is also expressed in healthy melanocytes, treatment can result in vitiligo, a condition where the immune system attacks normal pigment-producing cells (Passeron et al., 2007, Br J Dermatol).

Other names

Tyrosinase 369-377YMDGTMSQVHLA-A2-restricted tyrosinase antigensTyrosinase-derived peptidesMelanoma-associated antigen tyrosinaseTyrosinase 1-9MLLAVLYCL

Induction of antigen-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) responses through T-cell receptor (TCR) recognition of the peptide-MHC complex on the cell surface.