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Tyrosine biosynthesis pathway

Molecular classification: Metabolic pathway

Overview

The tyrosine biosynthesis pathway refers to the series of biochemical reactions that produce the amino acid L-tyrosine. This pathway is essential in plants, bacteria, fungi, and some protists for de novo synthesis of tyrosine. In animals (including humans), most tyrosine is produced from phenylalanine via hydroxylation. Tyrosine serves as a precursor for several important biomolecules, including catecholamine neurotransmitters, thyroid hormones, and melanin pigment. Defects in enzymes involved in this pathway can lead to metabolic disorders such as phenylketonuria and alkaptonuria.

Biological functions

Synthesis of L-TyrosinePrecursor for neurotransmitters (dopamine, norepinephrine, epinephrine)Precursor for thyroid hormones (thyroxine, triiodothyronine)Precursor for melanin pigmentPrecursor for Coenzyme Q10

Disease associations

PhenylketonuriaAlkaptonuria

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