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Target intelligence / Profile preview
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 (PTP1B)
- Target
- PTP1B
- Molecular classification
- Enzyme, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase
01
Overview
Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 1 (PTP1B) is an intracellular enzyme that belongs to the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family. It acts primarily as a negative regulator of several signaling pathways, most notably the insulin signaling pathway. It dephosphorylates tyrosine residues on target proteins, including insulin receptor kinase (IRK), EGF receptor, and PDGF receptor, modulating key cellular processes including metabolism, cell growth/proliferation, differentiation, and response to stress. It is considered a promising therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes and is also implicated in cancer biology.
- Other names
- PTPN1
02
Mechanism of action
Inhibition of PTP1B activity, leading to increased tyrosine phosphorylation of target proteins (e.g., insulin receptor)
03
Biological functions
Regulation of insulin signalingRegulation of receptor tyrosine kinase activityRegulation of metabolismRegulation of cell growth/proliferationRegulation of differentiationRegulation of stress response (e.g., unfolded protein response)Negative regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation
04
Disease associations
Type 2 diabetes mellitusBreast cancerMetabolic diseases
05
Safety considerations
Potential for off-target effects due to phosphatase activityComplexity of signaling pathways regulated by PTP1B
06
Interacting drugs
PTP1B inhibitors (in development)
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