Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 14 (PTPN14)

Tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 14 (PTPN14) is a cytosolic member of the protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) family, characterized by an N-terminal FERM domain facilitating cytoskeleton interaction and a C-terminal phosphatase domain. PTPN14 acts as a tumor suppressor, most notably by negatively regulating YAP/TAZ signaling within the Hippo pathway, controlling cellular proliferation, survival, and differentiation. It has important roles in lymphatic vascular development; loss-of-function mutations cause congenital lymphedema and related disorders. In the context of cancer, PTPN14 is targeted for degradation by high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) E7 proteins, contributing to viral oncogenesis. PTPN14 also regulates cell migration, adhesion, and endothelial barrier function through dephosphorylation of substrates such as p130Cas and PDGFRβ. It is implicated in multiple processes related to tumor suppression, lymphangiogenesis, and vascular homeostasis, with genetic or acquired dysregulation contributing to cancer and developmental disease.

Other names

PTPN14PEZPTPD2Protein-tyrosine phosphatase pezCATLPHPTP36cytoskeletal-associated protein tyrosine phosphatase

For viral oncoproteins (e.g., HPV E7), binds and directs PTPN14 for proteasomal degradation, thereby deregulating the Hippo pathway and promoting cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis. Tumor suppressor activity via cytoplasmic sequestration and inhibition of YAP (Yes-associated protein), which normally enhances pro-proliferative and antiapoptotic gene expression. Negative regulation of oncogenic signaling and cell migration by dephosphorylation of key substrates such as p130Cas and PDGFRβ.