Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase 2 (YARS2)

Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase 2 (YARS2) is a mitochondrial enzyme responsible for ligating tyrosine to its cognate tRNA (tRNA^Tyr), an essential step in mitochondrial protein synthesis and normal respiratory chain function[2]. As a class I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase, YARS2 forms homodimers and contains conserved domains for substrate and tRNA recognition[1][2]. Mutations in YARS2 cause mitochondrial syndromes such as myopathy, lactic acidosis, and sideroblastic anemia. While its canonical role is in translation, recent studies of related cytoplasmic forms suggest possible noncanonical roles in cell signaling and actin organization[3]. No specific drugs currently target YARS2, and loss of its function is associated with profound mitochondrial dysfunction and disease.

Other names

Tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase, mitochondrialYARS2TyrRS2

Enzyme inhibitors or small molecules could disrupt the aminoacylation of mitochondrial tRNA^Tyr, impairing mitochondrial translation and protein synthesis - Potential allosteric or competitive inhibition at the catalytic site