Ubiquitin specific peptidase 10 (USP10) is a member of the ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) family of deubiquitinating enzymes. It specifically cleaves ubiquitin from conjugated protein substrates and is involved in diverse cellular processes including protein degradation, DNA damage response, autophagy, cell signaling, and immune regulation. USP10 acts through its cysteine protease activity and regulates several clinically significant targets such as p53, Beclin1, CFTR, and PTEN. It localizes in both the nucleus and cytoplasm and modulates cell fate in a context-dependent manner, functioning as either a tumor suppressor or oncogene depending on cellular background and pathological state. USP10 is being investigated as a therapeutic target for cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and conditions involving disrupted ubiquitin signaling[1][3][4][5][9][11].
USP10 inhibitors block deubiquitinating activity leading to increased ubiquitination and degradation of USP10 substrates (such as p53, Beclin1, CFTR), impacting cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, or stress responses[1][9].
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Biological functions
Removal of ubiquitin from target proteinsRegulation of protein degradationDNA damage repairCell signalingRegulation of autophagyNegative regulation of NF-κB signaling pathwayRegulation of the cell cycle (through p53 stabilization)Regulation of immune and inflammatory responses
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Disease associations
Cancer (e.g., lung cancer, liver cancer, acute myeloid leukemia, breast cancer, glioblastoma)Neurodegenerative diseaseInflammationOther (e.g., involvement in stress response and potentially metabolic disorders)
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Safety considerations
Essential cellular functions in protein homeostasis and DNA repair may lead to toxicity if ubiquitin-proteasome system is broadly disruptedPotential for impaired autophagy or inappropriate cell death if USP10 function is excessively inhibitedTumor suppressor or oncogenic roles are context-dependent, raising risk of paradoxical effects in some cancers[1][5]
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Interacting drugs
No approved drugs are currently widely listed as direct USP10 inhibitors; however, USP10 is considered a druggable target and some chemical probes and inhibitors are studied preclinically (e.g., spautin-1) [inference based on DUB drug discovery context][1][3].
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Biomarkers
USP10 expression (proposed/prognostic in cancers)Downstream stabilization of p53 or other USP10 substrates as pharmacodynamic markers[inference][1][5]
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