UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) family (UGT)

The UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT) family of enzymes is a group of membrane-bound proteins primarily located in the endoplasmic reticulum that play a central role in Phase II metabolism (Source: PubMed 15507021). These enzymes catalyze the transfer of a glucuronic acid moiety from UDP-glucuronic acid to a wide range of lipophilic substrates, including both endogenous compounds and xenobiotics (Source: UniProt P22309). This process, known as glucuronidation, significantly increases the water solubility of these molecules, thereby facilitating their elimination from the body via the bile or urine (Source: StatPearls NBK554493). UGTs are essential for the detoxification of numerous drugs, such as irinotecan and acetaminophen, and for the clearance of metabolic byproducts like bilirubin and steroid hormones (Source: NIH PMC2742541). Genetic polymorphisms within the UGT family, most notably the UGT1A1*28 allele, are associated with impaired metabolism and increased risk of severe toxicity from certain medications (Source: PubMed 15958704). Furthermore, deficiencies in specific UGT enzymes can lead to hereditary hyperbilirubinemia disorders, such as Gilbert syndrome and Crigler-Najjar syndrome (Source: NIH Genetics Home Reference). Understanding the activity and genetic variability of UGT enzymes is crucial for predicting drug responses and managing potential drug-drug interactions in clinical practice.

Other names

UDP-glucuronyltransferaseUDPGTGlucuronosyltransferaseUDP-glycosyltransferase familyPhase II drug-metabolizing enzymes

UGT enzymes catalyze the transfer of a glucuronic acid moiety from UDP-glucuronic acid to a variety of endogenous and exogenous lipophilic substrates, making them more water-soluble for excretion (Source: PubMed 15507021).